{"id":261,"date":"2017-12-20T22:08:21","date_gmt":"2017-12-20T14:08:21","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/subjam.org\/blog\/?p=261"},"modified":"2017-12-20T22:08:21","modified_gmt":"2017-12-20T14:08:21","slug":"%e6%9d%89%e6%9c%ac%e6%8b%93%ef%bc%9a%e3%80%8a%e6%8b%89%e5%9f%83%e8%a1%9711%e5%8f%b7%e7%9a%84%e9%97%a8%e3%80%8b%e6%9c%ad%e8%ae%b0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/subjam.org\/blog\/261","title":{"rendered":"\u6749\u672c\u62d3\uff1a\u300a\u62c9\u57c3\u885711\u53f7\u7684\u95e8\u300b\u672d\u8bb0"},"content":{"rendered":"


\n\u539f\u8f7d\u300a\u8fd8\u539f\u300b\u6742\u5fd7\u7b2c\u4e09\u671f\uff0c2015\u5e74 6\u6708\uff1b\u7ecf\u6742\u5fd7\u548c\u4f5c\u8005\u6388\u6743\u7ffb\u8bd1\u53d1\u8868
\n\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff1a\u4e86\u4f5a
\n\u6821\u5bf9\uff1a\u9ec4\u5c71\u3001\u7f57\u4e07\u8c61<\/p>\n

\"\"
\nMarcel Duchamp Door 11, Rue Larrey 1927, Johns No 1961<\/p>\n

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1927\u81f31942\u5e74\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u675c\u5c1a\u4f4f\u5728\u5df4\u9ece\u7684\u4e00\u6240\u5c0f\u516c\u5bd3\u3002\u516c\u5bd3\u91cc\u6709\u6247\u8bf7\u6728\u5320\u7279\u5236\u7684\u95e8\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u8fde\u63a5\u4e24\u4e2a\u901a\u9053\uff1a\u5b83\u5373\u8fde\u7740\u5de5\u4f5c\u5ba4\u548c\u5367\u5ba4\u95f4\uff0c\u53c8\u8fde\u7740\u5de5\u4f5c\u5ba4\u548c\u5395\u6240\u95f4\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6247\u201c\u62c9\u57c3\u885711\u53f7\u7684\u95e8\u201c\uff08\u8bd1\u6ce8\uff1a\u5373\u675c\u5c1a\u4f5c\u54c1\u300aDoor, 11 Rue Larrey\u300b\uff09\u80fd\u591f\u540c\u65f6\u5904\u4e8e\u6253\u5f00\u548c\u5173\u95ed\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u2014\u2014\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5f53\u5b83\u7684\u4e00\u8fb9\u662f\u5173\u95ed\u7684\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u8fb9\u5c31\u662f\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

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\n\u6216
\n\u00b7 \u201c\u62c9\u57c3\u885711\u53f7\u7684\u95e8\u7684\u95e8\u677fA\u5408\u5728\u95e8\u6846C\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f46\u6ca1\u6709\u5408\u5728\u95e8\u6846B\u4e0a\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7ef4\u7279\u6839\u65af\u5766\u5728\u300a\u903b\u8f91\u54f2\u5b66\u8bba\u300b\u4e2d\u5199\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u547d\u9898\u662f\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u4e00\u5e45\u56fe\u50cf\uff08The proposition is a picture of reality.\uff09[3]\u3002\u201d\u6240\u6709\u7684\u547d\u9898\u5fc5\u987b\u4e0e\u5b83\u6240\u6307\u793a\u7684\u73b0\u5b9e\u60c5\u5883\u4eab\u6709\u540c\u6837\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u9898\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u6b63\u786e\u6216\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u3002\u5bf9\u7ef4\u7279\u6839\u65af\u5766\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u91cd\u8a00\u5f0f\uff08\u8bd1\u6ce8\uff1atautology\uff0c\u540c\u4e49\u53cd\u590d\u3001\u6052\u771f\u53e5\u3001\u8d58\u4f59\uff09\u548c\u77db\u76fe\u5f0f\u4ece\u4e0d\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u547d\u9898\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u524d\u8005\u603b\u662f\u6b63\u786e\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u603b\u662f\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u800c\u201c\u62c9\u57c3\u885711\u53f7\u7684\u95e8\u540c\u65f6\u662f\u6253\u5f00\u548c\u5173\u95ed\u7684\u201d\u5728\u901a\u5e38\u770b\u6765\u662f\u5fc5\u7136\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u5f0f\u3002\u6211\u731c\u6d4b\uff0c\u675c\u5c1a\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u521b\u4f5c\u300a\u62c9\u57c3\u885711\u53f7\u7684\u95e8\u300b\uff0c\u662f\u4ed6\u60f3\u901a\u8fc7\u5c55\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u522b\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u6765\u5632\u7b11\u201c\u77db\u76fe\u5f0f\u603b\u662f\u9519\u8bef\u201d\u7684\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bba\u65ad\u3002\u867d\u7136\u4ed6\u6ca1\u627e\u5230\u7528\u56fe\u50cf\u5448\u73b0\u77db\u76fe\u5f0f\u7684\u7279\u4f8b\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u7684\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e5f\u7b97\u662f\u5341\u5206\u806a\u660e\u4e86\uff01<\/p>\n

\u540c\u6837\u7684\u601d\u8def\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u8c08\u4e00\u4efd\u4e50\u8c31\u548c\u5b83\u7684\u6f14\u594f\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u6211\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u822c\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u4e50\u8c31\u5fc5\u7136\u548c\u5b83\u4e3a\u6f14\u594f\u6307\u793a\u51fa\u7684\u58f0\u97f3\u5171\u4eab\u903b\u8f91\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u4e50\u66f2\uff0c\u6709\u771f\uff08\u6b63\u786e\uff09\u8be0\u91ca\u6216\u5047\uff08\u9519\u8bef\uff09\u8be0\u91ca\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u9898\u6839\u636e\u5b83\u6240\u6307\u793a\u7684\u60c5\u5883\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u6b63\u786e\u6216\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bf4\u6cd5\u4e0d\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e9b\u56fe\u5f62\u6216\u8005\u6307\u4ee4\u4e50\u8c31\uff1a\u7531\u4e8e\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u8868\u793a\u6216\u4ee3\u8868\u4efb\u4f55\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u771f\u7684\u6216\u8005\u5047\u7684\u8be0\u91ca\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8fd8\u662f\u6709\u597d\u7684\u548c\u5dee\u7684\u8be0\u91ca\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e8e\u90a3\u4e9b\u6709\u7740\u6b63\u786e\u548c\u9519\u8bef\u8be0\u91ca\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u4e50\u8c31\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e50\u8c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u79f0\u4f5c\u91cd\u8a00\u5f0f\u4e50\u8c31\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4efb\u4f55\u8be0\u91ca\u90fd\u80fd\u7b97\u4f5c\u662f\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0e\u903b\u8f91\u7ed3\u6784\u5374\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u5173\u8054\uff1b\u4e50\u8c31\u548c\u58f0\u97f3\u662f\u5404\u81ea\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u4e9b\u51ef\u5947\u521b\u4f5c\u7684\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982Variations or Solo for Voice 2\uff0c\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u8be0\u91ca\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u5173\u952e\u3002\u5173\u952e\u662f\u51ef\u5947\u5bf9\u5982\u4f55\u8046\u542c\u58f0\u97f3\u4ece\u4e0d\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u3002\u4ed6\u53ea\u60f3\u542c\u89c1\u58f0\u97f3\uff0c\u5c31\u58f0\u97f3\u672c\u8eab\u3002\u4ed6\u66fe\u7ecf\u5728\u67d0\u5904\u8bf4\u8fc7\u5f53\u8702\u9e23\u5668\u7684\u58f0\u97f3\u6709\u4e86\u7279\u5b9a\u542b\u4e49\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u58f0\u97f3\u672c\u8eab\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u77db\u76fe\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u521b\u4f5c\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u4f5c\u54c1\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u5e26\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u6700\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\u300a4\u520633\u79d2\u300b\uff0c\u5b83\u5982\u4eca\u88ab\u89c6\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee5\u975e\u523b\u610f\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8046\u542c\u58f0\u97f3\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u79cd\u8046\u542c\u72ec\u7acb\u4e8e\u4efb\u4f55\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u58f0\u97f3\u3002\u5b83\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u8046\u542c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u5bf9\u6211\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u201c\u6c89\u9ed8\uff08silence\uff09\u201d\u6700\u7ec8\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

\u675c\u5c1a\u662f\u51ef\u5947\u7684\u53cd\u9762\u3002\u8d39\u5c14\u5fb7\u66fc\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u675c\u5c1a\uff0c\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u4ece\u770b\u4f3c\u5e73\u6de1\u65e0\u5947\u6216\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u7684\u7269\u54c1\u4e2d\u63d0\u70bc\u51fa\u4e00\u4e9b\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4ece\u4e0d\u662f\u51ef\u5947\u8bd5\u56fe\u4ee5\u4ed6\u7684\u97f3\u4e50\u8fbe\u5230\u7684\u3002\u51ef\u5947\u628a\u65e5\u5e38\u7269\u54c1\u53d8\u4e3a\u4e50\u5668\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u675c\u5c1a\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u5174\u8da3\u5728\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7269\u54c1\u53d1\u51fa\u7684\u58f0\u97f3\u5982\u4f55\u88ab\u4ed6\u97f3\u4e50\u6027\u5730\u5229\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u675c\u5c1a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4ed6\u6240\u7528\u7269\u54c1\u7684\u8868\u9762\u7279\u5f81\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7269\u672c\u8eab\u662f\u5168\u7136\u4e0d\u5173\u5fc3\u7684[4]\u3002<\/p>\n

\u675c\u5c1a\u6240\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u662f\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5b83\u7684\u4e0d\u5b8c\u7f8e\u6027\uff0c\u8fd9\u4ee4\u6211\u60f3\u8d77\u7ef4\u7279\u6839\u65af\u5766\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\uff08\u4ed6\u4eec\u662f\u540c\u65f6\u4ee3\u4eba\uff09\u3002\u5728\u6211\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u675c\u5c1a\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e5f\u5173\u6ce8\u54f2\u5b66\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4e0d\u90a3\u4e48\u76f4\u63a5\uff1a\u4f8b\u5982\u4ed6\u8bd5\u56fe\u4ee5\u300a\u4e09\u6761\u4fee\u6539\u7ebf\uff083 Standard Stoppages\uff09\u300b\u8d28\u7591\u7684\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u662f\u5bf9\u201c\u547d\u540d\u4e0e\u5fc5\u7136\u6027\uff08Name and Necessity\uff09\u201d\u7684\u53cd\u8f6c\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u7d22\u5c14\u00b7\u514b\u91cc\u666e\u514b\uff08Saul. A. Kripke\uff09\u8457\u4f5c\u7684\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u4ed6\u8fd8\u5199\u8fc7\u4e00\u672c\u540d\u4e3a\u300a\u7ef4\u7279\u6839\u65af\u5766\u8bba\u89c4\u5219\u548c\u79c1\u4eba\u8bed\u8a00\uff08Wittgensteinon Rules and Private Language\uff09\u300b\u7684\u4e66\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4e00\u4e9b\u675c\u5c1a\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6240\u8c13\u5206\u6790\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u4e3b\u9898\uff0c\u4f46\u636e\u6211\u6240\u77e5\uff0c\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u613f\u610f\u8ba4\u771f\u3001\u4e25\u8083\u5730\u5c55\u5f00\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u6211\u5f88\u671f\u5f85\u8bfb\u5230\u4ee5\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89c6\u89d2\u5206\u6790\u675c\u5c1a\u4f5c\u54c1\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u6216\u8005\u8bba\u6587\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6ce8\u91ca\uff1a
\n[1] Chris Villars, ed., Morton Feldman Says (Hyphen Press, 2006), p.54. \u2014\u2014\u539f\u6ce8
\n[2] \u7531\u2200x(Fx\u2228\u00acFx)\u53ef\u63a8\u5f97Fa\u2228\u00acFa\u3002\u6839\u636e\u5fb7\u6469\u6839\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff08The Laws of de Morgan\uff09\uff0c\u00ac(Fa\u2227 \u00acFa) \u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8eFa\u2228\u00acFa\uff0c\u800c\u540e\u8005\u662f\u00ac(Fa\u2227\u00acFa)\u7684\u7f29\u5199\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u524d\u63d0\u2200x (Fx\u2228\u00acFx)\u88ab\u8bc1\u5426\u3002 a\uff08\u4ee5\u53cab\u548cc\uff09\u8868\u793a\u72ec\u7acb\u5e38\u6570\uff0cx\u8868\u793a\u81ea\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u7b80\u5316\u8bba\u8bc1\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u6ca1\u6709\u4f7f\u7528\u2200x(Gx\u2283Fx\u2228\u00acFx)\u8fd9\u7c7b\u516c\u5f0f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8bba\u8bc1\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u660e\u786e\u7684\uff1a\u201c\u95e8\u201d\u3002\u2014\u2014\u539f\u6ce8
\n[3] Ludwig Wittgenstein, Tractatus Logico Philosophicus, translated by C.K.Ogden (Routledge 1922), p.63. \u2014\u2014\u539f\u6ce8
\n[4] \u8bf4\u5b9e\u8bdd\uff0c\u6211\u89c9\u5f97\u51ef\u5947\u7684\u6587\u5b57\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u4ed6\u7684mesostics\u8bd7[5]\uff0c\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e5f\u548c\u675c\u5c1a\u76f8\u8fd1\u3002\u2014\u2014\u539f\u6ce8
\n[5] Mesostics\u53c8\u79f0diastics\uff0c\u4e3a\u7279\u6b8a\u6392\u5e03\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u79bb\u5408\u8bd7\uff08acrostic\uff09\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u884c\u91cc\u5355\u8bcd\u7684\u5b57\u6bcd\u7ecf\u7531\u7ad6\u6392\u987a\u5e8f\u9605\u8bfb\u5448\u663e\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u8bcd\u6216\u77ed\u8bed\uff0c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u85cf\u5934\u8bd7\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u91ccCage\u6240\u5199\u7684\u662f\u201c\u85cf\u201d\u5728\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u8bd7\u3002\u8be6\u7ec6\u793a\u4f8b\u53ef\u53c2\u89c1\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u9875\u9762\uff1ahttps:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mesostic\u2014\u2014\u8bd1\u8005\u6ce8<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[26,92,6],"tags":[195,73,196,197],"class_list":["post-261","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-essay","category-sound","category-art","tag-195","tag-73","tag-196","tag-197"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p7ZIRa-4d","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/subjam.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/261","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/subjam.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/subjam.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/subjam.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/subjam.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=261"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/subjam.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/261\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/subjam.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=261"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/subjam.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=261"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/subjam.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=261"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}